During the 18th century, there was significant warfare worldwide. These wars included the War of the Spanish Succession and the French Revolution. After each of these wars, treaties ended them.
I will show you some of the most important treaties that diplomats created during the 18th century. First, you will find below the definition of a treaty.
Definition
In international law, an agreement that is binding on two or more nations is called a treaty. According to modern diplomatic usage, the term treaty is confined to particularly significant international agreements. Lesser agreements are called conventions, arrangements, protocols, acts, or simply agreements.
Classifications
Treaties may be classified according to their purpose.
- Political treaties include alliances, peace settlements, disarmament agreements, and territorial settlements.
- Commercial treaties deal with tariffs, fishing rights, navigation, and the opening of consulates and offices of tourism
Important Treaties
Aix-la-Chapelle (1748)
Closed war of Austrian Succession (King George's War in America); possession of Silesia and Glatz guaranteed to Prussia.
Amiens (1802)
Between Great Britain and France, affording break in wars of French Revolution.
Armed Neutrality of the North, League of (1780)
Formed by Russia, Sweden, and Denmark during the American Revolution to maintain their neutral rights on the high seas against England.
Campo Formio (1797)
Between France and Austria after Napoleon's first campaign in Italy.
Hubertusburg, Treaty of (1763)
Settled the European part of the Seven Years' War. Austria ceded Silesia to Prussia.
Jay's Treaty (1794)
"Treaty of amity, commerce and navigation" between the United States and Great Britain.
Kutchuk-Kainardji (1774)
Between Turkey and Russia; gave Russia a powerful position on the Black Sea.
Methuen, Treaty of (1703)
Treaty between England and Portugal.
Nystad (1721)
Between Russia and Sweden.
Paris (1763)
Closed Seven Years' War (French and Indian War in America).
Paris, Treaty of (1778)
France pledged its aid to the United States in the American Revolution. The United States promised to protect the French West Indies in times of war.
Paris (1783)
Closed the American Revolutionary War.
Partition of Poland (1772, 1793, 1795)
Three treaties in which Russia, Austria, and Prussia divided Poland between themselves
Pinckney's Treaty (1795)
Spain and the United States in which Spain recognized the boundary claims of the United States under the Treaty of 1783 signed in Paris.
Rastatt (1714)
Supplemented Treaty of Utrecht. Signed by Austria and France.
Utrecht, Treaty of (1713)
Closed War of Spanish Succession (Queen Anne's War); crowns of France and Spain separated; England received Gibraltar, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland.
Vienna (1738)
Closed War of Polish Succession; between France and Austria; Lorraine guaranteed to France.
Source
Portions of this article were excerpted from Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia Copyright ©; 1993, 1994 Compton's NewMedia, Inc.